Conference MendelNet 2015      11 and 12 November, 2015
Contributions

List of Contributions Conference MendelNet 2015

Techniques and Technology

  • BIOGAS DESULPHURISATION METHODS
    CHOVANEC JAN, VITEZ TOMAS, KUDELKA JAN
    view abstract fulltext xchovan7@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The article describes the issue of reducing the amount of hydrogen sulphide in the biogas. The described device utilizes chemisorption–biological principle disengagement H2S from biogas. The aim was to verify the functionality of the device. The column is able to effectively reduce amount of hydrogen sulphide in the biogas, but with decreasing efficiency depending on the amount of processed biogas. The technology used in the experiment does not affect the concentration of other components of biogas.


     
  • OPERATING DIAGNOSTICS OF BIOGAS PLANTS
    DOKULILOVA TEREZA, GERSL MILAN, SOTNAR MARTIN
    view abstract fulltext xdokuli3@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: This research deals with characteristics of processed organic material and its changes during anaerobic fermentation. Laboratory testing of anaerobic fermentation was performed in the Nationwide reference laboratory of biogas transformation at the Mendel University in Brno. The test took 26 days. During this period the composition and quantity of the biogas, conductivity, redox potential, pH, dry matter and total organic carbon in the processed material has been monitored. Determination of dry matter and total organic carbon proved to be unsuitable operating parameters for the diagnosis of biogas plants due to complicated sampling. The quantity of generated biogas, content methane in the biogas, conductivity, redox potential and pH of processed material are parameters which could provide descriptive information about process of anaerobic digestion and which can be useful for operational diagnostics of biogas plants. These parameters are closely related. For example development of redox potential correlates directly with the methane content in the biogas. And change of pH is in inverse proportion to development of redox potential. The conductivity during anaerobic fermentation gradually rose while the pH decreased. On the other hand determination of dry matter and total organic carbon proved to be unsuitable operating parameters for the diagnosis of biogas plants due to complicated sampling.


     
  • EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TIRES BY VINEYEARD TRACTOR ON SOIL COMPACTION
    FERIANC JURAJ, BURG PATRIK
    view abstract xferianc@node.mendelu.cz

    Abstrakt: The paper deals with simulation evaluation compressive stress and pressure distribution in the rail track produced vineyard tractor New Holland TN 75 V with four different types of tires at the same pressure and load. The analysis carried out using the TASC (Tyres/Tracks and Soil Compaction) showed none of the evaluated variant of tires effect on crossing the border malicious consolidation soil. From the viewpoint of eliminating unwanted transmission of the pressure in the soil is an optimal use of the tire with the designation 340/85 R 28 and 360/70 R 28. The least suitable tires are 280/70 R 16.


     
  • ENERGY AND MELT FLOW LIMITATION OF LASER CUTTING
    HUDECEK PAVEL
    view abstract hudecek.p@seznam.cz

    Laser technology is a very flexible technology for process parts in most materials. Laser material processing for industrial manufacturing applications is today a widely spread procedure for welding, cutting, marking and micro-machining of metal and plastic parts and components. To engage and support this large mass-production industry of laser cutting, a lot of new technology and dry-process using lasers were and are being actively developed. Fundamentally, industrial laser cutting or other applications on industry should satisfy the four key practical application issues including “Quality or Performance”, “Throughput or Speed”, “Cost or Total Ownership Cost”, and “Reliability”. Laser requires for examples several complicated physical factors to be resolved including die strength to be enable good wire-bonding and survival of severe cycling test, clean cutting wall surface, good cutting of direct attach film, and proper speed of cutting for achieving economy of throughput. Some example of maximum cutting rate, wherewith is normally limited laser energy, cutting speed is depend on type laser, different of cutting with one laser beam and beam pattern and applied laser power / material thickness will be introduced in this paper.


     
  • TECHNOLOGICAL LINE FOR TREATMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE WASTE INTO SOLID BIOFUEL USING LOW-POTENTIAL HEAT OF FERMENTATION - CONCLUSIONS AFTER FIRST YEAR OF DEVELOPMENT
    JOHN JAKUB, JALOVECKY JIRI, KOIS JIRI, KRESA JAKUB, KOTOVICOVA JANA
    view abstract john@via-alta.cz

    Abstract: Biodegradable materials, mainly biodegradable waste is valuable but often unappreciated source of energy. Conversion into solid biofuel is one of very promising directions of research and development to uncover this potential. MULTIFERM project aims to construction of prototype of complex technology line for production of solid biofuel from bio-waste aiming to minimisation or zero need of additional energy using heat production of aerobic fermentation processes. The article describes the progress and conclusions after first year of development.


     
  • BINDING CONDITION FOR MULTIPLE CUT IN A DRUM MOWER
    KASPAR VACLAV, BARTON STANISLAV, PETRIK MICHAL
    view abstract fulltext xkaspar4@node.mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The present paper describes the kinematics of the mowing mechanism of a conventional drum mower equipped with two blades. It deals with the binding relation between angular velocity of the disc rotation and forward speed, so that the mowed area is cut at least twice while making maximum use of the entirety of the blade length. The article presents a corresponding general mathematical relation fulfilling this condition. If the condition is met, no uncut areas can remain even if one of the blades impacts an obstacle.


     
  • TESTING OF CONTROL UNITS FOR THE APPLICATION OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS IN ON-BOARD VEHICLE DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS
    MAREK VIT, CUPERA JIRI
    view abstract fulltext vit.marek146@gmail.com

    Abstract: The article describes the testing of control units used in passenger cars. The article is divided into several sections. The first section is focused on theory and provides basic information about the control units structure. Control unit from BOSCH company was chosen for this project. Further in the section, testing software by HR Carsoft s.r.o. is described. The testing processes outside the vehicle are described afterwards. The practical section lists all the requisites for testing processes outside the vehicle. The final section discusses a device that is designed to meet the goals of the project. The basic information about device is provided in the text. The results confirm the proper procedure for testing control units of passenger cars.


     
  • ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE OPERATION OF MACHINERY WHEN MAINTINING GRASS AREAS
    MASAN VLADIMIR, DUSEK MARTIN
    view abstract xmasan@node.mendelu.cz

    Abstract: Assessments performed in the Czech Republic and abroad point to a decrease in quality of urban greenery due to the lack of regular maintenance. One of the reasons is the failure to financially secure subsequent maintenance for newly started projects or the lack of information regarding the difficulty and the extent of the maintenance required for future greenery. Effective use of funds can only be made on the basis of realistic determination of costs supported by the knowledge of factors affecting maintenance efficiency. Greenery and lawn maintenance in particular utilizes a wide variety of machinery. Its operation constitutes the majority of the maintenance costs. The present article focuses on the assessment of factors affecting the operation of machinery, and the evaluation of their influence on the efficiency achieved in the specific circumstances.


     
  • EFFECT OF CORROSION PROCESS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ACOUSTIC EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF AL/ZINC-COATED STEEL WELDED BY COLD METAL TRANSFER
    PIYAPONG SRIWONGRAS, PETR DOSTAL
    view abstract fulltext petr.dostal@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The objective of present article is to study mechanical properties and acoustic emission (AE) characteristics occurring in cold metal transfer (CMT)-welded specimens subjected to corrosion process and tensile testing. In this experiment, to provide test specimens, Al alloy AlMg3 sheets and zinc-coated steel DX51D sheets were joined by using CMT welding with AlSi5 as filler material. The experiment was divided into two parts; first is studying AE signals detected from test specimens being under salt-spray testing, and second part is conducting tensile testing of both corrosive CMT-welded specimens and non-corrosive CMT-specimens with AE technique. From the experimental results, it found that corrosion process appearing on test specimens clearly decreased the strength of test specimens. Moreover, using AE technique was able to display AE signals generated by test specimens during tensile testing interestingly. Therefore, examining the quality of CMT weldment by using AE method is one of interesting technique for improving the manufacturing process in industrial sections effectively and safely.


     
  • MONITORING OF WATER STRESS CONDITION IN MAIZE BY USING ACOUSTIC EMISSION TECHNIQUE
    PIYAPONG SRIWONGRAS, PETR DOSTAL
    view abstract fulltext petr.dostal@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: Utilization of acoustic emission (AE) method for understanding the plant behavior responding to the variation of environmental conditions is carried out in this research. The aim of experiment is to monitor AE signals generated by plant for searching the feasibility that these AE signals can describe the responsibility of plant while being under both water-stressed and well-watered conditions. In this experiment, maize was selected to be test plant and was installed with an AE sensor at position of its stem to acquire AE signals from plant growing in greenhouse. Before experimenting, a test plant was provided for being well-watered condition. After conducting experiment for 7 days, the experimental results indicated that great amounts of values of AE signal parameters occurred during the daytime whereas small amounts of values of AE signal parameters appeared during night and the variation of all environmental parameter values were associated with the change of AE values interestingly. As these results, AE signals generated by test maize is capable of indicating its stress condition. Thus, using of AE method for monitoring the plant is considerably interested as modern apparatus for increasing productivity, especially in agricultural field.


     
  • HEATING CONTROL SYSTEM FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOGAS FERMENTORS
    ROBERT ROUS, MARTIN SOTNAR, JAN MARECEK
    view abstract fulltext robert.rous@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: Proper temperature is needed to assure the right conditions for microorganisms producing the biogas. Mesophilic temperature range is 30–35°C. The goal was to design a device that can log the temperature and control the heating bath temperature at desired level with maximum setpoint overshoot of 0.5°C and temperature stability of ±0.2°C. The system identification was used to design and simulate control algorithm (PSD) of the heater in the Matlab Simulink software.


     
  • ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE (HELIANTHUS TUBEROSUS)
    SOTNAR MARTIN, VITEZ TOMAS, KOUTNY TOMAS
    view abstract fulltext martin.sotnar@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The current trend in the field of biogas is to build smaller plants than before. Linked to this is the possibility of using smaller agricultural areas in less accessible locales with low-quality soil. Agricultural biogas plants utilize mostly corn silage. For maize the specific production of biogas can be around 0.500–0.550 m3·kg-1 and the methane content in the material is more than 55%. In these areas, it is necessary to consider other crops, which would be suitable to worse conditions. One option is the Jerusalem artichoke, which might yield biogas in a manner comparable with maize. The average production of biogas from the Jerusalem artichoke silage was 0.437 m3·kg-1, the average concentration of methane was 53.00%.

    To compare the quantity and quality of biogas from the Jerusalem artichoke, the Nation-wide Reference Laboratory of Biogas Transformations at Mendel University has carried out anaerobic fermentation tests.


     
  • THE STRENGTH MONITORING OF HEN EGGS BY THE ACOUSTIC EMISSION METHOD
    SUSTR MICHAL, ZACAL JAROSLAV, DOSTAL PETR, KUMBAR VOJTECH, NEDOMOVA SARKA
    view abstract fulltext michal.sustr@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The article deals with monitoring of hen eggshells strength by the acoustic emission method. The subject of this research is diffusion and formation of micro fissures. These egg´s micro fissures rise by weighting of eggshells samples through the use of compression force between two platens. The main purpose is focused on the possibilities of the acoustic emission usage for maximal eggshells strength prediction. Furthermore, the experimental measurement is focused on suitable placement and gripping of acoustic emission sensor.


     
  • THE CORROSION RESISTIVITY MONITORING OF MAGNESIUM ALLOY BY THE ACOUSTIC EMISSION
    SUSTR MICHAL, ZACAL JAROSLAV, DOSTAL PETR, SRIWONGRAS PIYAPONG
    view abstract fulltext michal.sustr@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The article deals with the corrosion resistivity monitoring of magnesium alloy AZ31B-H24 by the acoustic emission method. The subject of this article is the corrosion resistivity of the magnesium alloy exposed to corrosion environment NaCl. Magnesium alloys are very useful in automotive and other sectors including agriculture. For finding a new possibilities for using this material in different applications is necessary to measure the mechanical and corrosion properties of the material. The aim of this work is to find the solution of effective measurement of corrosion degradation of magnesium alloy. For this approach is used the acoustic emission testing method. By means of this technology there is found the system of analyzing the corrosion progress. The article describes the methodology of installation including protection of sensor, assessment of results from specialized software and corrosion effects on measured material.


     
  • THE ENGINE COMBUSTION ANALYSIS OF NEWLY DEVELOPING DIESEL TRACTOR ENGINE ZETOR Z1727 WITH COMMON-RAIL SYSTEM IN A FIRST FIRING WEEK
    TUNKA LUKAS, CUPERA JIRI
    view abstract fulltext lukas.tunka@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: This article focuses on the research and development of diesel tractor engines. It deals with high pressure indication of newly developing tractor engine Zetor Z1727 with common-rail injection. The main goal is determination of development of combustion pressure in a cylinder, because knowledge of this parameter is very important for the basic engine adjustment. This paper provides also many evaluations of influences. It is the dependency of rail pressure and injection timing on the most problematical nitrogen oxides emissions and opacity, cylinder pressure variation and combustion noise level. The correct adjustment of those variables is the key to achieve optimal engine parameters, which also proved this measurement. Common-rail ECU has about 16 000 variables. There is a possibility to change almost everything and set many adjustments. This will be the subject of further research, because these data are only from measurement in first firing week and only from the first cylinder.


     
  • THE EFFECT OF CHANGES PID SETTING REGULATION OF THE DRIVE VACUUM PUMP OF MILKING MACHINES ON VACUUM STABILITY
    VRBA MARTIN, FRYC JIRI, KUKLA RADOVAN,LOS JOSEF
    view abstract vrba.m@email.cz

    Abstract: On the laboratory equipment was conducted measuring of vacuum fluctuations of milking machine. Regulation of the vacuum has been using frequency converter and followed the effect of different settings of PID control. The performed measurements was confirmed that when using the frequency converter for vacuum regulating of the milking machine can be achieved vacuum fluctuations of less than 2 kPa. Was found setting PID control, which gave better results than the factory settings.


     
  • ACOUSTIC EMISSION DURING TENSILE TESTING OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS REINFORCED CARBON AND ARAMID FIBERS
    ZACAL JAROSLAV, SUSTR MICHAL, DOSTAL PETR, BRABEC MARTIN
    view abstract fulltext xzacal@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: This paper describes the prediction of material properties in composites reinforced with carbon or aramid fibres and its tensile testing. In course of tensile test the acoustic signal emission (AE) was recorded. Experimental results point to significant influence of fibre on mechanical properties of sample. AE gives the detailed overview of mechanical changes and durability thresholds in material structure in time course. With use of specialized software it is possible to interpret the AE signal to identify the current state of material integrity in real time.


     
  • ACOUSTIC EMISSION DURING TESTING INTEGRITY AND PRESSURE RESISTANCE OF JAPANESE QUAIL EGGS
    ZACAL JAROSLAV, SUSTR MICHAL, KUMBAR VOJTECH, DOSTAL PETR, VOTAVA JIRI, NEDOMOVA SARKA
    view abstract fulltext xzacal@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: This paper deals with standard testing of egg shell integrity including breaking the shell with destructive pressure testing and monitoring the acoustic emission (AE) signal in real time. Purpose of this experiment was to verify the suitability of AE recording during the pressure test with continuous force load. Experiment was conducted on 18 samples of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) eggs, divided to four categories according to quality. Testing was also conducted on eggs with fractured shell structure. According to terminology coined in National technical standard (ČSN EN 1330-9), the acoustic emission means elastic tension waves generated by dynamic release of mechanical tension inside the material structure. AE recordings show low level of impulses. It was found that RMS values are insignificant in the recordings, there is no observable elastic tension wave generated with dynamic tension inside the egg shell in course of force load.