Conference MendelNet 2015      11 and 12 November, 2015
Contributions

List of Contributions Conference MendelNet 2015

Animal Production

  • THE EFFECT OF GREEN FODDER ON SLOW GROWING CHICKENS PERFORMANCE
    ANDERLE VOJTECH, KUPCIKOVA LUCIE, LICHOVNIKOVA MARTINA
    view abstract fulltext vojtaanderle@seznam.cz

    Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of green fodder addition to the diet on slow growing chicken´s performance. Both sexes (464 chickens) of slow growing hybrid Hubbard JA 757 were used in the experiment. The chickens were divided into two groups with six replications. From the 21 days of age green fodder was daily added to special feeders to the chickens in the third experimental groups in amount 10 g/chicken. From 28 days of age the amount was 20 g/chicken. The live weight of chickens at 49 days of age was 2.34 kg in the experimental group and the same 2.34 kg in the control group. The live body gain from 21st to 49th days of ages was also the same in both groups 1.84 kg/chicken. Feed conversion ratio during the experimental period (21–49 d) was the same too, 1.86 kg.kg-1. The mortality in experimental and control groups were 0.43% and 0.86%. The daily addition of green fodder in amount 10 and 20 g/chicken from 21st to 49th days of age had no significant effect on growth and feed conversion ratio in slow growing chickens.


     
  • THE EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC HERBAL EXTRACT ON MICROORGANISMS
    DETVANOVA LENKA, STASTNIK ONDREJ, KALHOTKA LIBOR, MRKVICOVA EVA
    view abstract fulltext lenka.detvanova@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: Plants produce a wide range of organic compounds including tannins, organic acids, essential oils and micronutrients, which can inhibit growth, reproduction and other life processes. These compounds can be found in various plants. Extracts from plants can be used for food preservation and for human or animal healing. In this study the effect of ethanolic extract of Cannabis sativa L., Silybum marianum and Hippophae rhamnoides was tested on Escherichia coli (CCM 7929), Enterococcus faecalis (CCM 4224), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (CCM 1828) and Candida tropicalis (CCM 8223). Antimicrobial activity was tested by disc diffusion method.


     
  • EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION ON SPECIES COMPOSITION OF GRASSLAND
    HLOUCALOVA PAVLINA, KNOT PAVEL, HORKY PAVEL, SKLADANKA JIRI
    view abstract fulltext pavlina.hloucalova@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different intensities of fertilization on the species composition of the grassland on the experimental area of Kameničky. The evaluated factors were in the range of the intensity of fertilizer. It means the unfertilized level, PK, N90+PK and N180+PK. The unfertilized crops do not always show high species diversity. The highest and balanced species diversity was assessed in the crops with PK fertilization while the lowest one was found out in the grassland fertilized with N90+PK during these years. The proportion of grass, compared to the unfertilized variant, was the most increased (P<0.05) in the variant of N90+PK (60.3%) at the expense of other herbs (33.7%). The PK fertilizer (14.8%) significantly (P<0.05) increased the development of legumes in the grassland.


     
  • EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION ON GRASSLAND QUALITY
    HLOUCALOVA PAVLINA, NOVOTNA MONIKA, HORKY PAVEL, SKLADANKA JIRI, KNOT PAVEL
    view abstract fulltext pavlina.hloucalova@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The aim of this work was evaluate the efect of different intensity fertilization on grassland quality and basic nutrition characteristics (dry matter, fiber, nitrogenous substances, carbohydrates, ash and NEL). The monitored grass stands are situated in the BohemianMoravian Highlands. The fertilization with degree unfertilization is the test factor, PK fertilized, fertilized N90+PK and fertilized N180+PK. There was monitored the grassland quality and basic NIRS parameters. The grassland quality increased with the level of fertilization. The grassland quality was lowest in unfertilized variants (average 22.50), nitrogen fertilization proven its value increases (average 59.65). As a feed crop was the best PK, with regard to the content of NEL (5.5 MJ.kg-1), fiber (204.9 g.kg-1), carbohydrates (53.4 g.kg-1) and NL (149.3 g.kg-1).


     
  • THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS DOSES OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM ON BROILER CHICKENS PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS
    KARASEK FILIP, STENCLOVA HANA, STASTNIK ONDREJ, DOLEZALOVA EVA, MRKVICOVA EVA, PAVLATA LEOS, ZEMAN LADISLAV
    view abstract fulltext fillip.karasek@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of lower doses of calcium and magnesium in the diet on performance parameters of broiler chickens. The purpose of the research is reduction of Ca and Mg contents in premixes. Calcium was supplemented using CaCO3 and magnesium by MgSO4. The basal diet contains 2.33 g Ca and 1.58 g Mg per kilogram. Control group received feed mixture with added CaCO3 in dose of 19.485 g.kg-1 and 0.407 g.kg-1 of MgSO4. Three experimental groups contain added CaCO3 in dose of 11.832 g.kg-1 and 0 g.kg-1 MgSO4; CaCO3 11.832 g.kg-1 and 0.407 g.kg-1 MgSO4; CaCO3 19.485 g.kg-1 and 0 g.kg-1 MgSO4 (groups Exp1; Exp2; Exp3, respectively). In the trial feed intake and live weight of chickens were monitored. The experiment was conducted from day 11 to day 36 of chickens age. At the end of trial experimental animals were weighed and slaughtered. Feathers were removed and chickens were eviscerated. Carcass yield was calculated. Selected chickens were deboned and breast muscle and leg muscle were weighed. Subsequently, these values were calculated by the percentage of live weight of breast and leg muscle. Dose reduction of Ca and Mg in the feed ration had no negative influence on the monitored parameters in broiler fattening. Comparison of the results with the control group did not show worsening parameters of fattening. Differences between groups in performance parameters were not significant (P > 0.05).


     
  • THE INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF SELENIUM ON CONTENT OF GLUTATHIONE IN THE FORAGE OF PERENNIAL RYEGRASS (LOLIUM PERENNE L.)
    KLUSONOVA IVA, SKLADANKA JIRI, HODULIKOVA LUCIA, SKARPA PETR, ADAM VOJTECH
    view abstract fulltext iva.klusonova@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: Selenium (Se) as part of the enzyme and non-enzyme antioxidants (e.g. glutathione) has many antioxidant and detoxification functions in the cells. Its content in plants depends on its content in the soil. Its adequate intake may decide about the health, production and reproduction of the livestock. One of the possible ways to enrich feed ration of this element may be the foliar application. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of foliar application of selenium in different forms and doses on the antioxidant glutathione content in the forage of perennial ryegrass. In the experiment, perennial ryegrass (Ahoj variety) was included. The experiment took place in climabox. For foliar application, the solutions of selenium at the doses of 2; 4 and 20 mg.m-2 of Se were used. As a source of selenium, selenite sodium or selenate was applied. After the application, the samples of green mass of each group were sampled at a regular 14 day intervals (14th day, 28th day and 42nd day after the application). The determinations of GSH and GSSG were performed by HPLC-ED. The foliar application of selenate and selenite increased the content of glutathione (GSH and GSSG) in aboveground mass of perennial ryegrass. The increase (P <0.05) of GSH content after foliar application of selenate was observed after all doses of selenium throughout the experiment. Between the doses there were no differences (P <0.05). The application of selenate caused the increase of GSSG (P <0.05), but it was evident especially in the first 28 days after application. After application of selenite the content of GSH increased (P <0.05). It was observed after application of the doses 4 and 20 mg.m-2 in every term of sampling. The application of selenite increased (P <0.05) the content of GSSG. It increased after each used dose and term of sampling except 42nd day, when it decreased on the level of the control group. Due to the increase of both forms of glutathione can be assumed that the application of selenium on plants acts as a stress factor.


     
  • FATTENING OF LAYING-TYPE COCKERELS
    KUPCIKOVA LUCIE, ANDERLE VOJTECH, LICHOVNIKOVA MARTINA, JELINKOVA PAVLINA
    view abstract fulltext xkupcik2@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: Males of four laying-type DOMINANT hybrids (D 104; D 109; D 459; D 853) from the company Hatchery Studenec, s.r.o. were used in the experiment. Approximately 208 laying-type males of each hybrid, in total 830, were fed till 11 weeks of age in two technologies–cage system and littered floor system. Both the housing technology and hybrid had significant effect on live weight of laying-type cockerels at 3rd, 7th and 11th weeks of age. In floor system the live weight was higher than in cage system. On the other hand there was no significant effect of hybrid or technology on feed conversion ratio. In littered floor system the hybrids D 104 and D 109 were significantly heavier (P<0.05)than hybrid D 853.


     
  • INTAKE AND PREFERENCE OF MINERAL LICKS WITH A DIFFERENT RATIO OF CA:P ELEMENTSAT FALLOW DEER (DAMA DAMA)
    NAVRATIL STANISLAV, FALTA DANIEL, CHLADEK GUSTAV
    view abstract fulltext nav.stanislav@gmail.com

    Abstract:This article reviews intake and preference of mineral lick with different Ca:P ratio for cervidae. Experiment was held on Vysočina region from March 2013 till February 2014. Experiment took place in small farm, where was kept 20 head herd of fallow deer. As a model animal, fallow deer was used,mainly for its popularity among Czech farm and hobby cervidae breeders. For data collecting of intake, digital weight was used. For observation of deers and for collecting data about frequency of intake, camera trap, which monitored surroundings of licks for whole duration of experiment, was used. Data itself was evaluated by standard statistic methods.

    We discovered, that preffered ratio of Ca:P was 1:1. The peak of intake was between July and August.This is probably caused by lactation and antler grow in this period.


     
  • THE EFFECT OF INBREEDING DEPRESSION ON SEMEN PRODUCTION IN THE CZECH FLECKVIEH BULLS
    PALDUSOVA MICHAELA, KOPEC TOMAS, HOSEK MARTIN, MACHAL LADISLAV
    view abstract fulltext paldusovamisa@seznam.cz

    Abstract: In this study, the relationship between inbreeding depression and semen production was examined. During the period from May 2008 to December 2014, semen samples (n = 2929) were collected using an artificial vagina. Immediately after collection, laboratory examinations were made for all samples, which included finding out volume of ejaculate, sperm activity, concentration of spermatozoa and total sperm count. Volume of ejaculate was measured using the graduated tube, sperm activity was assessed by subjective method according to the percentage of motile sperm in the native ejaculate and concentration of spermatozoa was determined using a spectrophotometer. Total sperm count was calculated by multiplying volume of ejaculate by concentration of spermatozoa. Monitored characteristics were expressed in weighted average and standard deviation. The effect of inbreeding depression on bovine semen production was tested by the general linear model (GLM) in SAS 9.4. The inbreeding coefficient (Fx) was calculated by the program FSpeed version 2.04. For comparison between each level of inbreeding Duncan´s Multiple Range Test was used. Based on the ascertained results we can conclude that inbreeding depression had the significant influence (P < 0.001) on all monitored semen parameters of the Czech Fleckvieh bulls.


     
  • THE INFLUENCE OF MILK THISTLE SEED CAKES ON BROILER CHICKENS PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS
    STASTNIK ONDREJ, DETVANOVA LENKA, KARASEK FILIP, STENCLOVA HANA, KALHOTKA LIBOR, PAVLATA LEOS, MRKVICOVA EVA
    view abstract fulltext ondrej.stastnik@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate influence of the milk thistle seed cakes at dose 5 and 15% in feed mixture. Seventy five cockerels were divided into three equal groups. The experimental groups received feed mixtures containing 5% of milk thistle seed cakes (MT5), 15% of milk thistle seed cakes (MT15) and third group was control – without milk thistle seed cakes (C). Average feed consumption per one chicken was evaluated. Carcass yield was calculated for each group like as percentage of live weight. Feed consumption in the groups fed with milk thistle seed cakes was lower. Feed conversion ratio was a worse in experimental groups than the control group. Broiler carcass yield was negatively affected (P < 0.05) by dietary treatment. Milk thistle seed cakes in the amount used in this experiment are not a suitable component in feed mixture of broiler chickens.


     
  • THE EFFECT OF HEMPSEED CAKES ON BROILER CHICKENS PEROFORMANCE PARAMETERS
    STASTNIK ONDREJ, KARASEK FILIP, STENCLOVA HANA, TROJAN VACLAV, VYHNANEK TOMAS, PAVLATA LEOS, MRKVICOVA EVA
    view abstract fulltext ondrej.stastnik@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The aim of the experiment was to evaluate effect of 5% and 15% of hempseed cakes in feed mixtures on performance parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 75 sexed Ross 308 hybrid cockerels were divided into three equal groups. The two experimental groups obtained feed mixtures containing 5% and 15% of technical hempseed cakes (groups HS5 and HS15, respectively). The third group was without hempseed cakes (control group). In our study live weight, feed conversion ratio and carcass yield were evaluated. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in bodyweight gain. The 15% of hempseed cakes in diet decreased live weight and worst feed conversion ratio. The carcass yield was not affected by the hempseed contents. The addition of hempseed cakes (15%) negatively affected the growth of chickens. The final body weight of chickens with part of hempseed cakes in feed mixture was significantly lower (P < 0.05).


     
  • EFFECT OF FEEDING DIFFERENT LEVEL OF ZINC ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS
    STENCLOVA HANA, KARASEK FILIP, STASTNIK ONDREJ, DOLEZALOVA EVA, ZEMAN LADISLAV
    view abstract fulltext xstenclo@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of feeding different level of zinc (Zn) on feed consumption, weight gain and slaughter weight of broilers. Total of 140 male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were divided into four groups and raised up to 35 days of age. During the trial, control group (control) of birds were given basal diet containing 28 mg.kg-1 of total Zn without zinc supplement and other groups were given the diets modified by adding either 20 (Zn20), 40 (Zn40) or 120 (Zn120) mg.kg-1 of Zn supplied as zinc oxide. The results show that maximum feed consumption, weight gain and slaughter weight of broilers occurred at a zinc supplement of 20 mg.kg-1 (corresponding to about 49 mg total zinc) and this parameters decreased by adding 40 and 120 mg.kg- 1 of Zn to the basal diet. Differences between these groups were not significant (P>0.05). Chicks fed a non-supplemented basal diet (control) had lower weight gain and slaughter weight than other treatment groups. There was significant difference (P<0.05) between control group and group with zinc supplement of 20 mg.kg-1. Feed conversion ratio was the lowest by added 40 mg.kg-1 of zinc and the highest by added 20 and 120 mg.kg- 1 of zinc.


     
  • RELATIONSHIP OF BODY TEMPERATURE AND WELFARE OF DAIRY COWS
    SVEJDOVA KATERINA, SIMKOVA ANNA, SOCH MILOSLAV, ZABRANSKY LUBOS, SIMAK- LIBALOVA KRISTYNA , SVARCOVA ANNA , FREJLACH TOMAS, CERMAK BOHUSLAV
    view abstract fulltext Ramandu@seznam.cz

    Abstract: This study was carried out on a commercial dairy farm located in the Central Bohemia region of the Czech Republic. Dairy cows of Holstein cattle were monitored during 2 times of year (winter-summer). There were recorded temperature characteristics for selected cows. They were divided into 3 groups according to the period of lactation. The characteristics were obtained by using a thermographic camera and rectal thermometer. Data about ambient temperature were acquired using manually air temperature sensor. It was investigated the influence of the ambient temperature in behavior and welfare of dairy cows in the stable during 2 seasons. It was not detected ambient temperature effect on behavior in animals due to optimum conditions in the barn.


     
  • AIR TEMPERATURE IMPACTS ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF HOLSTEIN CALVES IN INDIVIDUAL OUTDOOR CALF HUTCHES ACCORDING TO AGE OF OBSERVED CALVES
    VACULIKOVA MARTINA, CHLADEK GUSTAV
    view abstract fulltext xvaculi1@node.mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The aim of this study was evaluating the influence of air temperature on behaviour of Holstein calves in individual outdoor calf hutches according to age of calves. Experimental part of this study has been done on the university’s dairy facility - farm Žabčice. Among the analysed behavioural manifestations were especially: time spent standing or lying down, either inside or outside the hutch. Within obtained results it can be said that the temperature is important factor while evaluating its impact on Holstein calves kept in individual outdoor calf hutches behaviour, however more important factor was the age of calves. 


     
  • ASSESSMENT OF EJACULATE QUALITY IN ROOSTERS OF THREE LAYING LINES
    VASSOVA DENISA, FILIPCIK RADEK, MACHAL LADISLAV
    view abstract fulltext denisa.vassova@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the semen quality in roosters of three laying lines used in breeding in Czech Republic. The maternal lines Bar Plymouth Rock (BPR – 08) and Rhode Island Red (RIR – 05), and the maternal line Light Sussex (SU – 07) were used. Ejaculates were collected four times during laying period of hens by dorso-abdominal massage. The following parameters were determined: volume, concentration of spermatozoa, motility and total sperm abnormality. Statistically significant differences were found in volume of ejaculate between all three lines (from 0.55 to 0.80 cm3). The highest volume as well as the highest concentration of spermatozoa (2.39 × 106/mm3) were found in BPR. Statistically significant differences were found also in motility of spermatozoa between BPR and RIR (68.59 vs. 77.19%). However, very high percentage of sperm abnormality were found in all three lines (from 56.29 to 72.63%). This phenomenon may be caused by transportation of ejaculate into laboratory. It was concluded that ejaculate quality varied widely among examined lines, although the maternal line SU seemed to be the weakest of all three lines.


     
  • EVALUATION OF CLINICAL MASTITIS OCCURRENCE, TREATMENT PROTOCOLS AND PATHOGEN PREVALENCE IN A DAIRY HERD DURING 12 MONTHS
    VAVROVA EVA, PALIK JIRI, SLADEK ZBYSEK
    view abstract fulltext eva.vavrova.umfgz@mendelu.cz

    Abstract: Data from a dairy herd (283 cows) in Czech Republic were analysed to find out the situation among clinical mastitis (CM), pathogen prevalence and combination of drugs used for treatment. The data show that heifers suffer from clinical mastitis at most (45% cases). The highest occurence of CM appeared in winter months with heifers´ calving. The prevalent pathogenes in this herd are E.coli, Bacillus sp. and Staphylococci. The cows are mostly treated withcombination of antibiotics marbofloxacinum, flunixine and oxytetracycline.